Walter marsh jackson



(No Model.)

W. M. JACKSON.

GAS BURNER.

PatentedApr. 17, 1888.

N. PETERS, Pnowumu n hor, Wiihingion. D C.

NITED STATES ATENT Fries.

WALTER MARSH JACKSON, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 381,378, dated April17, 1888.

Application filed February 26,1886. Serial No 193,352. (No model.)

To (LZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, \VALTER MARsH JACK- soN, of New York, in the countyof New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Gas-Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same.

My invention relates to an improvement in gas-burners.

The object is to provide a burner which will automatically regulate thepressure of the gas at the igniting-point. I

A. further object is to provide a regulatingburner which may be readilyadapted to consume a greater or less number of feet of gas within aspecified time, and which will be durable and present an attractiveappearance.

With these ends in view my invention consists in certain features ofconstruction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafterdescribed, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view of the burner invertical section. -Fig. 2 is a similar View of a modified form of burnerof less capacity, and Fig. 3 illustrates a further modification.

A represents an outer shell provided with a threaded tap, a, at the basefor its attachment to the pipe.- The shell A is preferably cylindricalin form, and is provided with an outwardly-extending flange, a, at itsupper edge. \Vithin theshell A is located an open-bottomed hollowplunger, B, adapted to loosely fit within the casing A, leaving a narrowspace between the outside of the plunger and the inside of the shell A.The top b of the plunger is made slightly conical, as shown, and at itscenter sharpens into a pronounced cone, 1), which acts as a valve.

The material of which the plungcrB is composed is preferablynon-corrosive, or it might be coated outside and in with a non-corrosivematerial, and the inside surface of the shell A should be coated withnon-corrosive material or the shell itself made of such material.

The plunger B rests, when in depressed adthe base of the shell A; or theplunger might be provided with legs or projections, the object being toprevent the plunger from setting down snugly on the base of the shelland causing what is commonly termed suction, when pressure is applied toraise it.

The cone '1) extends upwardly into a hole, 0, formed at the center of apartition-plate, G, the latter resting with its outer edge on the flangea of the shell A. The hole 0 in the plate 0 is about the same diameteras the base of the cone 1), and therefore when the plunger is not inextreme elevated adjustment there will be more or less open space aroundthe cone.

A chamber, D, is formed above the plate 0 by a conical concave-facedcap, E, the lower edges of which are turned under the edges of the plate0 and flange a, and in the top of which the nipple e is adjusted.

The lip e on the lower end of the cap E is adapted tobe bent under theedge of the flange a and thereby lock the cap to the shell, and theplate 0 in its position bet ween the two.

The operation of the burner is as follows: The plunger B having beenconstructed of such size and weight as to admit the required amount ofgas past the cone-Valve Z), any increase in the pressure of the gascoming from the feed-pipe will be exerted on the lower surface of theplunger, tending to lift the same and partially close the hole a byelevating the valve 1) therein; but at the same time the gas passingbeneath the edge of the plunger and up between the plunger and the shellwould,

if allowed the same freedom of flow, exert a downward pressure on theupper surface of the plunger which would counteract the increased upperpressure thereon, and it isjust here that the gist of my inventionappears.

The great extent of surface on the outside of the plunger and inside ofthe shell as compared with the small volume of gas passing between them,produces a frictional resistance to the free flow of the gas, theresistance being greater as the amount of surface is increased or volumeof gas decreased, and less as the surface is decreased or volume of gasincreased, and hence a variable pressure is established between theupward and downward pressures of the gas on the plunger, and the valvewhich admits the gas to the nipple will be automatically closed oropened as the pressure of the gas from the feed-pipe is increased beyondor decreased below the desired degree of pressure.

The frictional resistance imposed upon the gas, as above set forth, mayalso serve to determine the amount of gas which shall be fed to the jetwithin a given time-via, to determine the size of the burner in cubicfeet of gas consumed per minute or hour. This maybe accomplished byeither increasing or diminishing the difference between the outerdiameter of the plungerand inner diameter of the shell,or byincreasingor diminishing the length of the outside surface of the plunger. I findthe latter to be the most practical, since the burners of the same sizein outward appearance and having the outer shells, A, of the same sizeand shape may be made to consume different amounts of gas per hour. Thisis conveniently accomplished by supplying the burners with plungershaving shorter sides, as shown at B,Fig. 2,the plate 0 being depressed,as shown at 0, Fig; 2, in order to keep the opening 0 and valve 12 inthe same relative position with respect to each other.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3 an inner tube, G, is secured to thebase of the shell A within the plunger B. The tube is open at its topand is adapted to lead the gas from the feed-pipe to a point near thetop of theplunger,

I from whence it passes down the outside of the tube G,between it andthe plunger, under the edge of the plunger, and thence up between theplunger and shell, as before. An increased frictional resistance isobtained by this construction, which might be of importance in instanceswhere the normal pressure of the gas from the main was unusually great.Different sizesof burners may also be made by constructing this innertube of different lengths, or it may be made adjustable or concentric,capable of being elongated or shortened. Its upper surface may beperforated at its sides or serrated, and the plunger may rest upon it,thus doing away with the necessity of legs on the plunger or projectionsin the base of the outside shell. It is evident that the several partsmight be united by other means than by the bending under of the edge ofthe cap, and that other changes might be resorted to in the form andarrangement of the several parts'without departing from the spirit andscope of my invention; hence I do not wish to limit myself strictly tothe construction herein set forth.

' I am aware that it is not new to provide a gas-burner with a bellcarryinga valve, the latter passing through a close-fitting valve-seatand adapted to control the admission of gas to the burner, and henceImake no claim,broadly, to such a construction. In my device the plunger,which has no attachment to the shell which would tend to bind or retardthe movement of the plunger, is actuated by the frictional resistance towhich the gas issubj ected, and retards the progress of the gas afterthe latter enters the burner.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a gas-burner, the combination, with a shell having a valve-seat,of a plunger slightly smaller in diameter than the internal diameter ofthe shell for forming a restricted gaspassage between its side walls andthe inner face of the shell, the said plunger being closed at the topand open at the bottom, and provided on the upper surface of the topwith. a conical valve adapted to be moved into contact with-its seat bythe combined pressure of gas below the plunger and the frictionalcontact of the gas in its upward passage between the walls of theplunger and shell, substantially as set forth. I

2. In a gas-burner, the combination, with a shell and aperforateddiaphragm dividing the interior of the latter into two chambers andforming a valve-seat, and a stationary tube 10- cated within the lowerchamber around the gas-inlet, of a plunger slightly smaller in diameterthan the internal diameter of the shell forforming a restrictedgas-passage between its side walls and the inner face of the shell,

the said plunger being closed at the top and open at the bottom, andprovided on the upper surface of its top with a conical valve adapted tobe moved into contact withits seat by the combined pressure of gas belowthe plunger and the frictional contact of the gas in its upward passagebetween the walls of the plunger and shell, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presenceoftwo subscribing witnesses.

WALTER MARSH J AOKSON.

